Labor disputes escalate predictably — from a quiet conversation to a formal grievance to arbitration, a ULP charge, or a strike. Each rung up costs both sides more. The skill is resolving as low on the ladder as you can.
When to use it
Whenever a problem appears, to decide whether to escalate.
How to use it
1Direct conversation.
2Informal labor-management discussion.
3Formal grievance.
4Mediation.
5Arbitration or NLRB charge.
6Work stoppage — the top rung. Try every lower rung first, in good faith.
Takeaway
Good-faith conduct keeps disputes on the low rungs — bad faith pushes everyone up.